Modal Verbs

Мерует Айладырқызы

Маңғыстау облысы, Ақтау қаласы

Маңғыстау гуманитарлық колледжінің

ағылшын тілінен арнайы пәндер  оқытушысы

 The theme of the lesson: Modal Verbs

The aim of the lesson:

Educational aims:

1. to introduce new lexical material in an effective way
2. to consolidate pupils’ knowledge concerning the theme

1.  to introduce  the new English grammatical  theme–modal verbs;

 Developing aims:

1) to develop of the pupils’ reading habits and skills

2) to develop pupils’ abilities in speech

 Bring-up aims:

1) to bring up a right world outlook

                                     

Visual aids: books, cards, tables, CD, cassettes.

The type of the lesson: to explain new theme

 

Plan of the lesson:

1. Organization moment

T: Good afternoon! Sit down! I’m glad to see you! Let’s begin our lesson! Today’s new theme is “Modal verbs”.

1. Phonetic drill

Match the following definitions in the left column with the words in the right column.

 

Verbs:

1. Shine with interrupted brightness melt
2. Appear indistinctly                               slant
3. Change to liquid condition by heat bedew
4. Move upwards                            gleam
5. Cover or sprinkle with dew or water mount
6. Be or feel very cool    loom
7. Diverge from a vertical or horizontal line freeze

 

Adjectives:

1. Biting, harsh; piercingly cold damp
2. Of fairly low temperature, fairly cold icy
3. Slightly or fairly wet chill
4. Unpleasantly cold to feel bitter
5. Covered with ice, very cold             lank
6. Indinstinct in form: of, or covered with, mist cool
7. Straight and limp misty

 

III. Check up the homework

1. Ask riddles

It’s time to remember our poems about seasons.

Time is the season

When fruit is sweet,

This is the season

When school-friends meet.

(Autumn)

This is the season

When children ski

And Grandfather Frost

Brings the New Year Tree.

(Winter)

 

This is the season

When snowdrops bloom

When nobody likes

To stay in the room.

This is the season

When birds make their nests,

This is the season

We all like best.

               (Spring)

This is the season

When vegetables grow,

I come to the garden

And make water flow.

(Summer)

 

1. New material-Modal Verbs

1.We use must:

• To express obligation, necessity and duty.

You must wear a helmet when riding a motorcycle.( You have to wear a helmet.)

• To express that it is necessary to do sth.

I must water the plants. (It’s necessary.)

• For positive logical assumptions. She must be an actress. I’ve seen her on TV. (I’m sure she’s an actress.)

2.We use have to to express that it is necessary to do smth
( especially when somebody else other than the speaker has made the decision.)
I have to stay late at work tomorrow. ( My boss told me to stay.)

3.We use can/ could /may/ might to ask for permission.
Could /May /Might are more formal than can.
Can I go to the park?
Could /may/Might I take next Monday off?
( Is it permitted for me to…?)

 

4.We use can / may to give permission. May is more formal than can.
Of course you can use the phone.
You may leave your luggage here, sir.
(You are allowed to…)

 

5.We use could /may /might to show that something is possible or likely.
f.E Tom could/ may /might still be at school.
( It is possible that he is still at school.)

 

6.We use would /could/ can to make a request.
f.E Could you open the door for me, please?

 

7.We use can’t for negative logical assumptions.
Jack and Paul can’t be strangers. They’ve been next door neighbours for years.
( I’m sure they aren’t strangers.)

 

8.We use don’t have to/ needn’t to express lack of necessity.
I don’t have to / needn’t do the shopping. I’ve already done it.
( It isn’t necessary for you to do it.)

 

9.We use mustn’t /can’t for prohibitions.
You mustn’t /can’t park your car near a bus stop.
( it is forbidden to park there.)

 

10.We use can’t/ mustn’t /may not to refuse permission. May not is formal.
f.E. I’m afraid you can’t stay late tonight.
You mustn’t watch TV after 9pm.
You may not write in ink during the test.
( You aren’t allowed to…)

 

1. Doing exercises
2. Make up sentences.

 

Affirmative		Interrogative			Negative
I He She We You They	must go to school now.	Must	I he she we you they	Go to school now?	I He She We You They	must not go to school now.

 

Must has only one form: must.      

 

Present		Past	Future
I He She We You They	must go home.

 

Note: The missing tenses are supplied by the past and the future tense of to have to.

E.g. I had to go home. (Past) I shall have to go home. (Future)

 

Must expresses duty, obligation:

Read and memorize!

Pupils must obey their teachers. Pupils must work at their handwriting. Pupils must practice their pronunciation еvеrу day.

 

Must + not expresses prohibition:

Read and memorize!

Pupils must not change places at the lessons. Pupils must not prоmpt each other. Pupils must not talk at the lesson.

 

If the absence of necessity is to be expressed, need not is used.

Read and memorize!

You needn,t speak in a whisper. I am awake. You needn’t decide at оnсе how to act. Yоu mау give meаn answer tomorrow. You needn’t remember all the names by heart. You may have a look at the list.

 

 

 

The verbs to be to and to have to have the same meaning as must.

To be + infinitive:

Read and memorize!

 

Helen is to meet jane at the station. They are to go to the country. They are to visit a museum. They are to examine the pictures there. They are to paint some pictures there.

 

Note: The verb to be to is used when some thing is planned or thought of as unavoidable.

 

To have + infinitive:

Read and memorize!

Ann  has to stay  at home in the afternoon. Ann has to cook dinner as her mоthеr left. Ann has to buy bread and milk. Ann has to рееl potatoes for the second course. Ann has to fry sоmе cut1ets. Ann has to bake аn apple-pie for tea.

 

Note: The verb to have to expresses an obligation or necessity arising out of circumstances.

Must expresses supposition (in affirmative sentences)

must + infinitive

 

2. Choose the correct modal verb.
3. _________ I have more cheese on my sandwich?
4. a) Must
5. b) Could
6. c) Would
7. d) Have to
8. You _________ eat more vegetables.
9. a) should b) might c) may d) could
10. I _________ like to buy the same television for my house.
11. a) could b) must c) would d) have to
12. _________ I have a coffee please?
13. a) Must b) Have to c) May d) Would
14. You _________ smoke near children.
15. a) have to b) may c) shouldn’t d) couldn’t
16. The passengers _________wear their seatbelts at all times.
17. a) could b) must c) can d) may
18. We _________ go to the concert if the rain stops. We don’t know for sure.
19. a) mustn’t b) might c) have to c) wouldn’t
20. I _________ ice skate very well.
21. a) can b) may c) must d) should
22. The boys _________wake up earlier than 7:30 am. They have class at 8:00 am.
23. a) would b) can’t c) could d) have to
24. The rock band _________play very well last year. Now they are much better.
25. a) must b) couldn’t c) can c) should —

 

 

1. Test

I variant

1. I’ll ….. go now. My friends are waiting.
2. must
3. have to
4. need
5. be able to

 

2. We haven’t got much time. We ….. hurry.
3. must
4. needn’t
5. can
6. should

 

3. Where is Nick? He ..… be in his office.
4. should
5. would
6. might
7. ought to

 

4. It’s strange that they ..… be late.
5. must
6. should
7. could
8. would

 

5. Lisa ..… get bored in her job. Her job is so boring.
6. must
7. should
8. would
9. can’t

 

6. I ….. rather stay at home than go out.
7. could
8. would
9. must
10. shall

 

7. ..… you speak any foreign language?
8. may
9. can
10. might
11. will

 

8. ..… you wait a moment, please?
9. can
10. should
11. must
12. need

 

9. Jack ..… go to hospital yesterday.
10. must
11. should
12. had to
13. has to

 

1. ..… you please be quiet? I’m trying to read.
2. should
3. shall
4. would
5. can

 

1. This price is wrong. It ….. be $3.50, not $4.00.
2. must
3. could
4. should
5. would

 

2. I didn’t ..… to get up early, so I didn’t.
3. must
4. should
5. need
6. ought

 

3. I recommend you to apologize. You ..… apologize.
4. would
5. should
6. must
7. shall

 

4. We’ve got plenty of time. We ..… to hurry.
5. mustn’t
6. don’t need
7. shouldn’t
8. couldn’t

 

5. What shall we do this evening? We ..… go out.
6. should
7. could
8. would
9. ought to

 

II variant

1. ..… you wait a moment, please?
2. Can
3. should
4. must
5. need

 

2. I ….. to work tomorrow.
3. must
4. should
5. could
6. have

 

3. ..… you help me carry this downstairs?
4. may
5. should
6. must
7. could

 

4. I didn’t ..… to get up early, so I didn’t.
5. must
6. should
7. need
8. ought

 

5. He is terribly fat. He ..… eat too much.
6. mustn’t
7. can’t
8. should
9. would

 

6. ..… I have one of these cakes?
7. could
8. must
9. have to
10. may

 

7. I recommend you to apologize. You ..… apologize.
8. would
9. should
10. must
11. shall

 

8. ..… you speak any foreign language?
9. may
10. can
11. might
12. will

 

9. I am so angry with them. I ..… kill them!
10. can
11. must
12. could
13. should

 

1. I ….. to sleep recently.
2. can’t
3. couldn’t
4. haven’t been able
5. mustn’t

 

1. I ….. rather stay at home than go out.
2. could
3. would
4. must
5. shall

 

2. It’s a secret. You ….. tell anyone.
3. shouldn’t
4. wouldn’t
5. needn’t
6. mustn’t

 

3. The phone is ringing. It ….. be Jack.
4. must
5. can
6. would
7. could

 

4. We’ve got plenty of time. We ..… to hurry.
5. mustn’t
6. don’t need
7. shouldn’t
8. couldn’t

 

5. I was surprised that she ..… say such rude words.
6. must
7. would
8. will
9. should

 

VII. Conclusion

В королевском дворце живут также  Их Высочества королевские дети:

принцесса Can , принц May и принц Must.

Хотя Их Высочества –родные сестра и братья, у них разные характеры.

 

Can, конечно, хвастунишка,

Свой успех возносит слишком:

«Я могу стихи слагать,

Я умею вышивать,

На коне могу скакать,

Не умею лишь молчать».

 

May воспитан без сомненья,

Вежлив, и без разрешенья

Он не сделает и шагу:

«Можно лист возьму бумаги?

Можно вашу ручку взять?

Можно книжку почитать?»

 

Must всех серьезнее и строже.

Раз сказал он, значит должен:

«Должен в школу я ходить,

Должен правила зубрить,

Я не должен отставать,

Должен знаньями блистать».

 

Отрицанье получилось,

Если вдруг частица not

За глаголом появилась.

can’t; mustn’t; may not

 

 

 

Поменяв слова местами,

Мы вопрос составим с вами.

Скажите, что вы умеете  делать и чего не умеете

 делать. Вам поможет Can или Can’t.

 

Образец:  to fly – I can swim, but I can’t fly.

 

to swim — …                             to dance…..

to read  —  …                            to play hockey…..

to ski   —  …                              to draw…..

to speak English —  …              to sing…..

 

Скажите, что  вам можно  и чего нельзя делать.  Вам     

                           поможет  May или  May not.

 

to come home late — …

to drive a car  —  …

to ride a bike  —  …

to eat sweets —  …

to go for a long walk — …

 

Скажите, что  вы должны  и что не должны делать.  Вам   поможет  Must  или  Must not (mustn’t).

 

To work much  —  …

To sleep all night  —  …

To read many books — …

To help mother —  …

 

VIII. Giving marks. Home task -to learn modal verbs.

• The lesson is over! Good bye!